C#操作静态路由表，通过Windows原生API进行操作（效率比通过CMD操作的高很多），支持增、删、改、查、遍历
使用的是Iphlpapi.dll库，这个库里面还有很多很好用的API，有兴趣的童鞋自行研究吧，这里只用了路由表相关的API
这个，那个，好像没啥好说了，接下来直接看代码吧
等等，差点忘了，如果有童鞋需要需要Demo，那么请下载“C#通过DotRas实现完美控制VPN和PPPoE(ADSL)”这篇博文里的Demo(里面也使用了路由表操作)
好了，下面看代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace RBTI.Toolbox.RasConnect.Network
{
static class RouteTableManager
{
public enum MIB_IPFORWARD_TYPE : uint
{
/// <summary>
/// Some other type not specified in RFC 1354.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_OTHER = 1,
/// <summary>
/// An invalid route. This value can result from a route added by an ICMP redirect.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_INVALID = 2,
/// <summary>
/// A local route where the next hop is the final destination (a local interface).
/// </summary>
MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_DIRECT = 3,
/// <summary>
/// The remote route where the next hop is not the final destination (a remote destination).
/// </summary>
MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_INDIRECT = 4
}
public enum MIB_IPPROTO : uint
{
/// <summary>
/// Some other protocol not specified in RFC 1354.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_OTHER = 1,
/// <summary>
/// A local interface.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_LOCAL = 2,
/// <summary>
/// A static route.
/// This value is used to identify route information for IP routing
/// set through network management such as the Dynamic Host Configuration
/// Protocol (DCHP), the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP),
/// or by calls to the CreateIpForwardEntry, DeleteIpForwardEntry,
/// or SetIpForwardEntry functions.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_NETMGMT = 3,
/// <summary>
/// The result of ICMP redirect.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_ICMP = 4,
/// <summary>
/// The Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP), a dynamic routing protocol.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_EGP = 5,
/// <summary>
/// The Gateway-to-Gateway Protocol (GGP), a dynamic routing protocol.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_GGP = 6,
/// <summary>
/// The Hellospeak protocol, a dynamic routing protocol. This is a
/// historical entry no longer in use and was an early routing protocol
/// used by the original ARPANET routers that ran special software
/// called the Fuzzball routing protocol, sometimes called Hellospeak,
/// as described in RFC 891 and RFC 1305. For more information,
/// see http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc891.txt and http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1305.txt.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_HELLO = 7,
/// <summary>
/// The Berkeley Routing Information Protocol (RIP) or RIP-II, a dynamic routing protocol.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_RIP = 8,
/// <summary>
/// The Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) protocol,
/// a dynamic routing protocol. The IS-IS protocol was developed for
/// use in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol suite.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_IS_IS = 9,
/// <summary>
/// The End System-to-Intermediate System (ES-IS) protocol, a dynamic
/// routing protocol. The ES-IS protocol was developed for use in the
/// Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol suite.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_ES_IS = 10,
/// <summary>
/// The Cisco Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP), a dynamic routing protocol.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_CISCO = 11,
/// <summary>
/// The Bolt, Beranek, and Newman (BBN) Interior Gateway Protocol
/// (IGP) that used the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm. This
/// was an early dynamic routing protocol.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_BBN = 12,
/// <summary>
/// The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol, a dynamic routing protocol.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_OSPF = 13,
/// <summary>
/// The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), a dynamic routing protocol.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_BGP = 14,
/// <summary>
/// A Windows specific entry added originally by a routing protocol, but which is now static.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_NT_AUTOSTATIC = 10002,
/// <summary>
/// A Windows specific entry added as a static route from the routing user interface or a routing command.
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_NT_STATIC = 10006,
/// <summary>
/// A Windows specific entry added as a static route from the routing
/// user interface or a routing command, except these routes do not cause Dial On Demand (DOD).
/// </summary>
MIB_IPPROTO_NT_STATIC_NON_DOD = 10007
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct MIB_IPFORWARDROW
{
public uint dwForwardDest; //destination IP address.
public uint dwForwardMask; //Subnet mask
public uint dwForwardPolicy; //conditions for multi-path route. Unused, specify 0.
public uint dwForwardNextHop; //IP address of the next hop. Own address?
public uint dwForwardIfIndex; //index of interface
public MIB_IPFORWARD_TYPE dwForwardType; //route type
public MIB_IPPROTO dwForwardProto; //routing protocol.
public uint dwForwardAge; //age of route.
public uint dwForwardNextHopAS; //autonomous system number. 0 if not relevant
public int dwForwardMetric1; //-1 if not used (goes for all metrics)
public int dwForwardMetric2;
public int dwForwardMetric3;
public int dwForwardMetric4;
public int dwForwardMetric5;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW
{
public uint Family;
public ulong InterfaceLuid;
public uint InterfaceIndex;
public uint MaxReassemblySize;
public ulong InterfaceIdentifier;
public uint MinRouterAdvertisementInterval;
public uint MaxRouterAdvertisementInterval;
public byte AdvertisingEnabled;
public byte ForwardingEnabled;
public byte WeakHostSend;
public byte WeakHostReceive;
public byte UseAutomaticMetric;
public byte UseNeighborUnreachabilityDetection;
public byte ManagedAddressConfigurationSupported;
public byte OtherStatefulConfigurationSupported;
public byte AdvertiseDefaultRoute;
public uint RouterDiscoveryBehavior;
public uint DadTransmits;
public uint BaseReachableTime;
public uint RetransmitTime;
public uint PathMtuDiscoveryTimeout;
public uint LinkLocalAddressBehavior;
public uint LinkLocalAddressTimeout;
public uint ZoneIndice0, ZoneIndice1, ZoneIndice2, ZoneIndice3, ZoneIndice4, ZoneIndice5, ZoneIndice6, ZoneIndice7,
ZoneIndice8, ZoneIndice9, ZoneIndice10, ZoneIndice11, ZoneIndice12, ZoneIndice13, ZoneIndice14, ZoneIndice15;
public uint SitePrefixLength;
public uint Metric;
public uint NlMtu;
public byte Connected;
public byte SupportsWakeUpPatterns;
public byte SupportsNeighborDiscovery;
public byte SupportsRouterDiscovery;
public uint ReachableTime;
public byte TransmitOffload;
public byte ReceiveOffload;
public byte DisableDefaultRoutes;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private unsafe struct MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE
{
/// <summary>
/// number of route entriesin the table.
/// </summary>
public int dwNumEntries;
public MIB_IPFORWARDROW table;
}
[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
private static extern int CreateIpForwardEntry(MIB_IPFORWARDROW pRoute);
[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
private static extern int DeleteIpForwardEntry(MIB_IPFORWARDROW pRoute);
[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
private static extern int SetIpForwardEntry(MIB_IPFORWARDROW pRoute);
[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
private static extern int GetIpInterfaceEntry(ref MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW row);
[DllImport("iphlpapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern int GetBestInterface(uint DestAddr, out uint BestIfIndex);
[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
private static extern int GetBestRoute(uint dwDestAddr, uint dwSourceAddr, out MIB_IPFORWARDROW pBestRoute);
[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
private unsafe static extern int GetIpForwardTable(MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE* pIpForwardTable, ref int pdwSize, bool bOrder);
[DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
private extern static int FormatMessage(int flag, ref IntPtr source, int msgid, int langid, ref string buf, int size, ref IntPtr args);
/// <summary>
/// 获取错误信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="errCode"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetErrMsg(int errCode)
{
IntPtr tempptr = IntPtr.Zero;
string msg = null;
FormatMessage(0x1300, ref tempptr, errCode, 0, ref msg, 255, ref tempptr);
return msg;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取路由表
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ipForwardTable"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public unsafe static int GetIpForwardTable(out IPForwardRow[] ipForwardTable)
{
int res = 0, size = 0;
size = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIB_IPFORWARDROW));
MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE* table = (MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE*)Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size);
res = GetIpForwardTable(table, ref size, true);
if (res == 0x7A)
{
table = (MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE*)Marshal.ReAllocHGlobal((IntPtr)table, (IntPtr)size);
res = GetIpForwardTable(table, ref size, true);
}
if (res == 0)
{
ipForwardTable = new IPForwardRow[(*table).dwNumEntries];
for (int i = 0; i < ipForwardTable.Length; i++)
{
ipForwardTable[i] = new IPForwardRow((&(*table).table)[i]);
}
}
else
ipForwardTable = null;
Marshal.FreeHGlobal((IntPtr)table);
return res;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取基础路由
/// </summary>
/// <param name="destAddr"></param>
/// <param name="sourceAddr"></param>
/// <param name="bestRoute"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int GetBestRoute(IPAddress destAddr, IPAddress sourceAddr, out IPForwardRow bestRoute)
{
MIB_IPFORWARDROW pBestRoute;
var res = GetBestRoute(IpToUint(destAddr), IpToUint(sourceAddr), out pBestRoute);
bestRoute = new IPForwardRow(pBestRoute);
return res;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取基础接口
/// </summary>
/// <param name="destAddr"></param>
/// <param name="bestIfIndex"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int GetBestInterface(IPAddress destAddr, out uint bestIfIndex)
{
return GetBestInterface(IpToUint(destAddr), out bestIfIndex);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取IP接口信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="interfaceIndex"></param>
/// <param name="row"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int GetIpInterfaceEntry(uint interfaceIndex, out MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW row)
{
row = new MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW();
row.Family = 2;
//row.InterfaceLuid = 0;
row.InterfaceIndex = interfaceIndex;
return GetIpInterfaceEntry(ref row);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取单条路由信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="destAddr"></param>
/// <param name="nextHop"></param>
/// <param name="route"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public unsafe static int GetIpForwardEntry(IPAddress destAddr, IPAddress nextHop, out IPForwardRow route)
{
route = null;
IPForwardRow[] ipForwardTable;
var res = GetIpForwardTable(out ipForwardTable);
if (res == 0)
{
for (int i = 0; i < ipForwardTable.Length; i++)
{
if (ipForwardTable[i].Dest.Equals(destAddr) && ipForwardTable[i].NextHop.Equals(nextHop))
{
route = ipForwardTable[i];
break;
}
}
}
return res;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取单条路由信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="destAddr"></param>
/// <param name="route"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public unsafe static int GetIpForwardEntry(IPAddress destAddr, out IPForwardRow route)
{
route = null;
IPForwardRow[] ipForwardTable;
var res = GetIpForwardTable(out ipForwardTable);
if (res == 0)
{
for (int i = 0; i < ipForwardTable.Length; i++)
{
if (ipForwardTable[i].Dest.Equals(destAddr))
{
route = ipForwardTable[i];
break;
}
}
}
return res;
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建路由
/// </summary>
/// <param name="route"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int CreateIpForwardEntry(IPForwardRow route)
{
return CreateIpForwardEntry(route.GetBaseStruct());
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建路由
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dest"></param>
/// <param name="mask"></param>
/// <param name="nextHop"></param>
/// <param name="ifIndex"></param>
/// <param name="metric"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int CreateIpForwardEntry(IPAddress dest, IPAddress mask, IPAddress nextHop, uint ifIndex, int metric = 1)
{
IPForwardRow route = new IPForwardRow()
{
Dest = dest,
Mask = mask,
NextHop = nextHop,
IfIndex = ifIndex,
Metric = metric,
Policy = 0,
Type = MIB_IPFORWARD_TYPE.MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_DIRECT,
Proto = MIB_IPPROTO.MIB_IPPROTO_NETMGMT,
Age = 0,
NextHopAS = 0
};
OperatingSystem os = Environment.OSVersion;
if (os.Platform == PlatformID.Win32NT && os.Version.Major >= 6)
{
MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW row;
int res = GetIpInterfaceEntry(ifIndex, out row);
if (res != 0)
return res;
route.Metric = (int)row.Metric;
}
return CreateIpForwardEntry(route);
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建路由
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dest"></param>
/// <param name="mask"></param>
/// <param name="nextHop"></param>
/// <param name="metric"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int CreateIpForwardEntry(IPAddress dest, IPAddress mask, IPAddress nextHop, int metric = 1)
{
uint bestIfIndex;
int res = GetBestInterface(nextHop, out bestIfIndex);
if (res != 0)
return res;
return CreateIpForwardEntry(dest, mask, nextHop, bestIfIndex, metric);
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建路由
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dest"></param>
/// <param name="nextHop"></param>
/// <param name="metric"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int CreateIpForwardEntry(IPAddress dest, IPAddress nextHop, int metric = 1)
{
return CreateIpForwardEntry(dest, IPAddress.Parse("255.255.255.255"), nextHop, metric);
}
/// <summary>
/// [不推荐使用]修改路由
/// 仅用于修改网关和跃点数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="route"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int SetIpForwardEntry(IPForwardRow route)
{
return SetIpForwardEntry(route.GetBaseStruct());
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除路由
/// </summary>
/// <param name="route"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int DeleteIpForwardEntry(IPForwardRow route)
{
return DeleteIpForwardEntry(route.GetBaseStruct());
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除路由
/// </summary>
/// <param name="destAddr"></param>
/// <param name="nextHop"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int DeleteIpForwardEntry(IPAddress destAddr, IPAddress nextHop)
{
IPForwardRow route;
int res = GetIpForwardEntry(destAddr, nextHop, out route);
if (res != 0)
return res;
return DeleteIpForwardEntry(route);
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除路由
/// </summary>
/// <param name="destAddr"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int DeleteIpForwardEntry(IPAddress destAddr)
{
IPForwardRow route;
int res = GetIpForwardEntry(destAddr, out route);
if (res != 0)
return res;
return DeleteIpForwardEntry(route);
}
/// <summary>
/// IPAdderss转uint
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ipAddress"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static uint IpToUint(IPAddress ipAddress)
{
string[] startIP = ipAddress.ToString().Split('.');
uint U = uint.Parse(startIP[3]) << 24;
U += uint.Parse(startIP[2]) << 16;
U += uint.Parse(startIP[1]) << 8;
U += uint.Parse(startIP[0]);
return U;
}
/// <summary>
/// uint转IPAddress
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ip"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static IPAddress UintToIp(uint ip)
{
string ipStr = $"{ip & 0xff}.{(ip >> 8) & 0xff}.{(ip >> 16) & 0xff}.{(ip >> 24) & 0xff}";
return IPAddress.Parse(ipStr);
}
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
namespace RBTI.Toolbox.RasConnect.Network
{
class IPForwardRow
{
/// <summary>
/// destination IP address.
/// </summary>
public IPAddress Dest { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Subnet mask
/// </summary>
public IPAddress Mask { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// conditions for multi-path route. Unused, specify 0.
/// </summary>
public uint Policy { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// IP address of the next hop. Own address?
/// </summary>
public IPAddress NextHop { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// index of interface
/// </summary>
public uint IfIndex { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// route type
/// </summary>
public RouteTableManager.MIB_IPFORWARD_TYPE Type { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// routing protocol.
/// </summary>
public RouteTableManager.MIB_IPPROTO Proto { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// age of route.
/// </summary>
public uint Age { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// autonomous system number. 0 if not relevant
/// </summary>
public uint NextHopAS { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// -1 if not used (goes for all metrics)
/// </summary>
public int Metric { get; set; }
public IPForwardRow()
{
}
public IPForwardRow(RouteTableManager.MIB_IPFORWARDROW baseStruct)
{
Dest = RouteTableManager.UintToIp(baseStruct.dwForwardDest);
Mask = RouteTableManager.UintToIp(baseStruct.dwForwardMask);
Policy = baseStruct.dwForwardPolicy;
NextHop = RouteTableManager.UintToIp(baseStruct.dwForwardNextHop);
IfIndex = baseStruct.dwForwardIfIndex;
Type = baseStruct.dwForwardType;
Proto = baseStruct.dwForwardProto;
Age = baseStruct.dwForwardAge;
NextHopAS = baseStruct.dwForwardNextHopAS;
Metric = baseStruct.dwForwardMetric1;
}
public RouteTableManager.MIB_IPFORWARDROW GetBaseStruct()
{
return new RouteTableManager.MIB_IPFORWARDROW()
{
dwForwardDest = RouteTableManager.IpToUint(Dest),
dwForwardMask = RouteTableManager.IpToUint(Mask),
dwForwardPolicy = Policy,
dwForwardNextHop = RouteTableManager.IpToUint(NextHop),
dwForwardIfIndex = IfIndex,
dwForwardType = Type,
dwForwardProto = Proto,
dwForwardAge = Age,
dwForwardNextHopAS = NextHopAS,
dwForwardMetric1 = Metric,
dwForwardMetric2 = -1,
dwForwardMetric3 = -1,
dwForwardMetric4 = -1,
dwForwardMetric5 = -1
};
}
}
}